3233710 - E1010 SUPPLY - Description (Smart gearbox, Q-System)
Description
The entire electrical system has been designed
and constructed in accordance with the most up-to-date guidelines
concerning safety and protection, especially against fire risks.There are two main kinds of protection:
- active protection, aimed at reducing possible causes of
faults 'at source';
- passive protection, aimed at minimizing the effects of
a possible fault.
The first category involves careful design
of wiring with thorough positioning and anchorage. Wiring is shielded
and protected and the routes are carefully determined. Modifications have therefore been made to
the alternator and starter motor cables, with the adoption of protective
caps, etc.Passive protection instead includes all
the interventions, which have always been adopted on vehicles, to
reduce high fault currents (overload and short circuit).All the fuses included in the system have
been rated on the basis of the nominal absorption of the loads which
cannot be served simultaneously, and so as to ensure intervention
in the case of a definite short circuit.All the electrical systems are supplied
by the battery at a voltage of 12. V.
The battery is, in turn, recharged by the
alternator
See E5010 STARTING AND RECHARING
during
engine operation.
The main supply lines are protected by maxifuses,
grouped together in a box directly on the positive battery terminal
and connected directly to it.The box contains up to eight maxifuses.The power supplies to all services and systems
are protected by fuses grouped in the junction unit or in two special
multiple connectors, one for the front wiring and other other for
the facia wiring in accordance with a pre-established order.All the power supplies are thus protected,
except for the starter motor cable (battery-starter motor) and recharging
cable (starter motor-alternator): these are protected by an additional
shielded sheath.Some circuits are supplied continuously,
even if the vehicle is stopped and the ignition is off, as they
are connected directly to the battery.Other circuits are supplied by turning
the ignition key to various different positions:
- when the key is inserted and turned to the first click,
the ignition is turned on (ON position) and several circuits are
supplied, which are thus called 'ignition-operated' (lines 'INT'
and '15/54');
- the second click - AVV position - instead supplies the
starter motor (line '50')., disconnecting some circuits (those
which absorb most power), thus ensuring the maximum flow of current
to the starter motor; ('INT/A' line).
- on the other hand, by extracting the key and turning it
in the opposite direction (and pressing the special button) the
PARK position is engaged which supplies the side lights even with
the key switched off ('STAZ' and 'POS' lines); See E2010 SIDE LIGHTS / NO. PLATE LIGHTS
 | The lines through which the supply
is distributed to the various electrical devices are shown on the
wiring diagrams relating to the various functions and systems. |
This general diagram shows all the lines
which depart from the battery and the MAXIFUSE boxes; reference
should be made to the specific diagrams for greater detail.