3315474 - Introduction - ENGINE (Automatic transmission)
GLOSSARY
CONDENSATION
This is the passage of a substance from the vapour state to the liquid state; it takes place by compression or cooling.EVAPORATION
This is the passage of a body from the liquid state to the gaseous state. It occurs at any temperature, but all the more slowly the lower the temperature.RESONANCE
Phenomenon in which the amplitude of oscillations induced in a vibrating system tends, under particular conditions, to become intensified (amplified) beyond all limits.VISCOSITY
Property of matter whereby the particles of a body meet 'resistance' in sliding in relation to each other.The value of the resistance or internal friction depends on the nature of the body, large in solids, very small in viscous liquids and non-existent in gases.In liquids, viscosity decreases rapidly as temperature increases.HARDENED AND TEMPERED STEEL
Heat treatment applied to special steels to improve their mechanical characteristics: it consists of hardening, followed by tempering to induce a significant increase in toughness of the material.HARDENING
This is obtained when the structure of the metal at high temperature is harder and stronger than when cold.TEMPERING
Consists of heating to a temperature of < 720° ? f?????ed ß? s??? ???????, in order to attenuate the effects of the hardening without eliminating its effects.The material thus returns to a condition as close as possible to a stable chemical-physical balance.SENSOR
This is a system which, stimulated by any form of energy, reacts by changing its state, hence one or more of its characteristics (resistivity, volume, temperature, etc.).For example, a material which, immersed in a magnetic field, undergoes a change in its conductivity, is a sensor.New-generation sensors are solid-state devices of microelectronic technology, which can read the environment and provide responses in the form of electrical signals for subsequent processing for final control actions.They can measure forces, acceleration, pressures and temperatures of gases, liquids and solids, etc.SPECIFCATIONS
TYPE
Current developments
These engines are fitte with Bosch Common Rail EDC-16C8 high pressure electronic injection systems for fast diesel engines totally managed by an electronic control unit.Specifcations
Engine: 5 cylinders in line, 20 valves, 2386 cc, turbo diesel, Bosch Common Rail Unijet EDC 16C8 direct injectionCYLINDER HEAD - aluminium alloyCRANKCASE - closed deck cast ironCRANKSHAFT - steel with 6 main bearings TIMING SYSTEM - twin overhead camshafts with the inlet shaft operated directly by the toothed belt and transmitting power to the exhaust shaft through a pair of gears.FUEL SYSTEM - Unijet direct injection with variable geometry turbocharger with intercoolerIGNITION - Bosch EDC 16C8 electronicEMISSION CONTROL DEVICES - EGR and trivalent catalytic converterLUBRICATION - forced, with gear pump and water oil radiatorCOOLING - liquid with forced circulation via a centrifugal pumpSYSTEM SPECIFICATION
Devices adopted
These engines are fitted with the following emissions control devices:
- exhaust system with oxidising catalytic converter;
- E.G.R. exhaust gas recirculation system
- crankcase vapour/gas recirculation system.
COMPOSITION
STRUCTURE
The unit comprises the engine and all the systems required for its operation:
- fuel supply system
- air supercharging system
- exhaust system with catalytic converter
- oil vapour recirculation system
- E.G.R. exhaust gas recirculation system
- engine cooling system.