The suspension constitutes the connection
between the car and the road, and transmits to the driver the direct
effect of the forces generated by the car's movement. This effect
is transformed into sensations which can be perceived by the driver through
the seat, such as vibrations of the steering wheel or background
noise. The forces produced by the car's movement are transferred
to the driver via the tyres and suspension, whose function, fundamentally
important for the car's performance, is to dismantle these forces.The design of the suspension and calibration
of the various elements which control the position and vertical
and longitudinal movements of the wheel contribute, together with
the tyres, to determining the driveability (HANDLING) and driving comfort
(RIDE).
CONSTRUCTION FEATURES
All versions have 'high quadrilateral' front
suspension. The suspension is called quadrilateral because the layout
of the upper and lower track control arms, also called triangles,
which are hinged to the suspension frame and the shell attached
to the wheelarch, is similar to a simple four-sided geometric shape.
The configuration is called 'high quadrilateral' because the upper
track control arm is located higher than the diameter of the wheel.In this configuration, the shock absorber
and spring are damping and flexible elements, and so have no structural
function. The torsion bar, anchored directly to the shock absorber
forks, is hollow, which permits a lighter weight while maintaining the
same performance compared with a solid bar.The rear suspension is independent McPherson
type with track control arms. The torsion bar is attached directly
to the shock absorbers, which are fitted very much towards the outside
of the vehicle.This type of suspension has the advantage
of being small in terms of height dimension and, in view of the
position of the shock absorbers, allows the luggage compartment
capacity to be increased.The front and rear hubs have a magnetic
multi-pole ring, which replaces the phonic wheel, to link up with
the active sensors of the ABS system Characteristic of working principle 3340 A(B.S. ANTI-LOCK BRAKING
SYSTEM .).