In addition to the ABS/EBD system, certain vehicles are also fitted with an ESP (Electronic Stability Program) which includes an ASR (Acceleration Slip Regulation system controlling the brakes and the engine), an MSR function (engine braking torque adjustment during gear shifts), an HBA function (Hydraulic Brake Assistant determining an automatic increase in braking pressure during emergency stops) and a HHC (Hill Hold Control) function. See descriptions 3350E VEHICLE DIRECTION CONTROL SYSTEM VDC/ESP This system and the additional functions are the latest developments of the Bosch 8.1 ABS system and improve the vehicle traction and stability features.The ESP system, thanks in particular to yaw/longitudinal acceleration/lateral acceleration sensors and steering wheel angle sensors, guarantees the monitoring of the dynamics of the entire vehicle, thereby improving active safety.