An electronic control system supervises and governs all engine parameters to optimise performance and fuel consumption by means of a real-time response to different service conditions.Diesel engines are equipped with a COMMON RAIL type injection system.This features the use of an electronically controlled high injection pressure. The supply of fuel, known as the pilot injection, is optimized by the electronic control unit by means of the injector rather than managed by the pump.In this 4 valve per cylinder version, the common rail injection system uses Multijet technology: i.e. during each engine stroke, it carries out more than the two injections normally used: it performs two pre-injections (before the piston is at top dead centre), one main and two post-injections.This solution improves fuel consumption, noise levels and performance because it allows better control of temperature in the combustion chamber by lowering the maximum value and extending the optimum combustion area.The throttle body is also controlled electronically by the control unit: the throttle opening is calculated in accordance with a specific logic inside the engine management control unit.Depending on the signals received from numerous sensors, the control unit controls the injectors connected to it managing the following systems:- fuel supply;- air supply;- heater plugs;- accelerator pedal;- engine cooling;- particle filter management.In order to conform with the most recent pollution control standards (EURO 4) the most recent version of electronic management has been adopted which includes new components (injectors, pressure regulator and high pressure pump on the rail, digital flow meter) and swirl solenoid valves and a DPF particle filter has been adopted.A throttle that regulates the flow of air is modulated to improve the air fuel mixture in the combustion chamber: with the throttle open the power supply is maximum; closing the throttle gradually reduces the load, the engine rpm and also theThe DPF particle filter (Diesel Particulate Filter) is a mechanical filter, inserted in the exhaust pipes which traps the carbon particles present in the exhaust gases on diesel engines. The filter makes it possible to almost totally eliminate the emission of carbon particles in line with current legislation. See E5070 PARTICLE FILTER SYSTEM For more details, See descriptions 1060 DIESEL INJECTION SYSTEM The system is also controlled by dedicated relays in the engine compartment control unit. Lines supplying the control unit and various system components (sensors and actuators) are protected by dedicated fuses that are also located inside the engine compartment.